Roma, 5 maggio 2020 – Con la circolare n. 14915 del 29 aprile 2020 il Ministero della Salute ha fornito indicazioni operative relative alle attività del medico competente nel contesto delle misure per il contrasto e il contenimento della diffusione del virus #SARS-CoV-2 negli ambienti di lavoro e nella collettività.
Nel dettaglio, nella circolare in commento è stato evidenziato che il ruolo del medico competente si amplifica nell’attuale momento di emergenza pandemica, periodo durante il quale egli va a confermare il proprio ruolo di “consulente globale” del datore di lavoro.
In tal senso, secondo il Ministero, un particolare coinvolgimento del medico competente deve essere previsto nell’attività di collaborazione all’informazione/formazione dei lavoratori sul rischio di contagio da SARS-CoV-2 e sulle precauzioni messe in atto dall’azienda, nonché tenendo aggiornato nel tempo il datore di lavoro, ad esempio, in riferimento a strumenti informativi e comunicativi predisposti dalle principali fonti istituzionali di riferimento, anche al fine di evitare il rischio di fake news.
Nel provvedimento è stato altresì evidenziato che il medico competente è chiamato a supportare il datore di lavoro nella valutazione del rischio e ad operare la sorveglianza sanitaria in un contesto peculiare quale quello del rientro al lavoro in periodo pandemico. Inoltre, essendo il DVR l’atto finale della valutazione del rischio sarà necessario adottare una serie di azioni che andranno ad integrare il DVR, atte a prevenire il rischio di infezione da SARS-CoV-2 nei luoghi di lavoro contribuendo, altresì, alla prevenzione della diffusione dell’epidemia. Invece relativamente alle misure organizzative e logistiche da mettere in atto, dalla circolare n. 14915 emerge che è auspicabile il coinvolgimento del medico competente fin dalle fasi di individuazione delle stesse anche in riferimento ad aspetti correlati ad eventuali fragilità; qualora ciò non fosse possibile, il datore di lavoro dovrà fornire al medico competente informazioni in merito a quanto già pianificato, anche al fine di agevolare, ad esempio, l’individuazione, in corso di sorveglianza sanitaria, di eventuali prescrizioni/limitazioni da poter efficacemente introdurre nel giudizio di idoneità.
Specifici chiarimenti sono stati forniti dalla circolare ministeriale anche in riferimento alla sorveglianza sanitaria. A riguardo è stato precisato che sarebbe opportuno, laddove possibile, che le visite mediche si svolgessero in una infermeria aziendale, o ambiente idoneo di congrua metratura, con adeguato ricambio d’aria, che consenta il rispetto dei limiti del distanziamento sociale e un’adeguata igiene delle mani. In occasione delle visite mediche sarebbe altresì opportuno che anche il lavoratore indossasse idonee protezioni (mascherina). In particolare, la programmazione delle visite mediche dovrà essere organizzata in modo tale da evitare l’aggregazione, ad esempio nell’attesa di accedere alla visita stessa; un’adeguata informativa deve essere impartita ai lavoratori affinché non accedano alla visita con febbre e/o sintomi respiratori seppur lievi.
Secondo la circolare possono essere differibili, previa valutazione del medico stesso, in epoca successiva al 31 luglio 2020: la visita medica periodica, (art. 41, comma 1, lettera b, d.lgs. n. 81/2008) e la visita medica alla cessazione del rapporto di lavoro, nei casi previsti dalla normativa vigente (art. 41, comma 1, lettera e del d.lgs. n. 81/2008). Andrebbe altresì sospesa l’esecuzione di esami strumentali che possano esporre a contagio da SARSCoV-2, quali, ad esempio, le spirometrie, gli accertamenti ex articolo 41, comma 4, i controlli ex articolo 15 della legge n. 125/2001 qualora non possano essere effettuati in idonei ambienti e con idonei dispositivi di protezione.
Per approfondimenti: Circolare 29 aprile 2020_n.14915
#prevenzione #sicurezza #lavoro
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