Dati INAIL: un’estate torrida per le morti sul lavoro

A soffrire sono l’agricoltura, il meridione e i lavoratori stranieri.

3 settembre 2019 – Prosegue senza sosta la lunga catena di incidenti mortali che da troppo tempo hanno ripreso ad aumentare insanguinando molte aree del Paese. A fronte di una sostanziale stabilità degli infortuni in generale, il numero dei morti sul lavoro registrati nei primi sette mesi dell’anno si attesta ben oltre i già altissimi livelli raggiunti nel 2018: le denunce presentate all’INAIL in questo periodo sono state 599, vale a dire 12 in più rispetto alle 587 dei primi sette mesi del 2018, con un incremento del 2,0%.
Ma la “novità” di queste ultime rilevazioni è rappresentata dal fatto che la crescita degli infortuni mortali è dovuta esclusivamente all’Agricoltura, un settore che fino a poco tempo fa aveva fatto registrare solo costanti e consistenti flessioni. La crescita dei morti nel lavoro agricolo segna addirittura un +39,3% nel confronto tra i due periodi con 22 casi in più, passando da 56 a 78. Nello stesso arco di tempo, invece, nell’Industria e Servizi si sono registrati 10 casi mortali in meno (da 522 a 512), mentre per i lavoratori dello Stato le denunce sono rimaste costanti (9 in entrambi i periodi).
È noto come da qualche tempo si stia assistendo ad una certa ripresa delle attività agricole. Nell’ultimo anno, secondo l’Osservatorio Nomisma, nell’agricoltura vi è stato un aumento del 6% delle giornate lavorate: dati che pongono il settore secondo solamente al turismo. Ma è altrettanto noto che, in questo ambito lavorativo, permangono ancora ampie sacche di irregolarità per la presenza di fenomeni inaccettabili come il lavoro nero, lo sfruttamento e il caporalato – in alcune zone molto diffusi – che rendono il duro lavoro nelle campagne ancora più precario ed insicuro.
Se approfondiamo ulteriormente l’analisi dei dati, si rileva come la crescita dei decessi in Agricoltura si sia verificata esclusivamente nelle aree meridionali del Paese con 15 casi in più al Sud (da 119 a 134) e 12 in più nelle Isole (da 46 a 58), mentre al Nord si rilevano solo diffuse diminuzioni. Spiccano, a livello regionale, i 16 casi mortali in più denunciati in Puglia e i 17 in meno registrati in Veneto.
La crescita delle denunce di infortunio mortale, inoltre, ha riguardato esclusivamente la componente dei lavoratori stranieri sia comunitari (da 29 a 40) che extracomunitari (da 64 a 71), mentre tra gli italiani si registra una flessione di 6 casi (da 494 a 488).
“Da una analisi approfondita dei dati – ha commentato il Presidente nazionale ANMIL Zoello Forni – appare del tutto evidente che ci troviamo di fronte ad una situazione ormai intollerabile e indegna di un Paese civile. Proprio per questo, siamo fortemente preoccupati dalle notizie che provengono dal Rapporto dell’I.N.L. (Ispettorato Nazionale del Lavoro) sulle attività di vigilanza del primo semestre 2019: pur a fronte di un numero di ispezioni diminuito del 9% rispetto allo stesso periodo del 2018,  si è riscontrato un tasso di irregolarità nelle imprese controllate cresciuto di 3 punti percentuali (dal 69% al 72% dei casi); il numero dei lavoratori risultati completamente ‘in nero’ è aumentato del 14% (da 20.398 a 23.300 unità). Le indagini svolte sul fronte della lotta al ‘caporalato’ hanno altresì portato alla denuncia di 263 persone – 59 delle quali in stato d’arresto – più del triplo rispetto alle 80 denunce dell’omologo periodo 2018. In questo contesto appare molto significativo il dato che l’incidenza del fenomeno ‘caporalato’ risulti nettamente prevalente nel settore agricolo, dove delle 263 persone denunciate ben 147, pari al 56% del totale, operano in questo settore”.

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